Chemistry Essentials

1. Question 1
   • A hypothesis is a well-substantiated explanation, while a theory is a tentative guess.
   • A hypothesis is a law of nature, while a theory is an untested idea.
   • A hypothesis is a tentative explanation that guides investigation, while a theory is a well-substantiated, comprehensive explanation supported by extensive evidence.
   • A hypothesis and a theory are synonymous terms used interchangeably in science.
2. Question 2
   • pure element
   • heterogeneous mixture
   • pure compound
   • homogeneous mixture (solution)
3. Question 3
   • Its density at room temperature
   • Its ability to rust
   • Its boiling point
   • Its color
4. Question 4
   • 5
   • 7
   • 4
   • 3
5. Question 5
   • Melting an ice cube
   • Burning a piece of wood
   • Dissolving sugar in water
   • Cutting a piece of paper
6. Question 6
   • 3.00 g/mL
   • 2.00 g/mL
   • 0.500 g/mL
   • 1.00 g/mL
7. Question 7
   • Air
   • A salad
   • Salt water
   • Brass
8. Question 8
   • A theory is a hypothesis that has been proven true beyond any doubt.
   • A hypothesis is a tentative explanation that can be tested, and if supported by extensive evidence, it may become a theory.
   • A hypothesis and a theory are the same thing, but a theory is older.
   • A hypothesis is a well-substantiated explanation, while a theory is a tentative guess.
9. Question 9
   • Symbolic domain
   • Submicroscopic domain
   • Macroscopic domain
   • Microscopic domain
10. Question 10
    • The total number of atoms changes, but the total mass remains constant.
    • Atoms can be divided into smaller particles during the reaction.
    • Atoms are rearranged, but not created or destroyed.
    • Atoms of one element can be converted into atoms of another element.
11. Question 11
    • Law of constant composition
    • Law of multiple proportions
    • Law of conservation of mass
    • Law of definite proportions
12. Question 12
    • 40
    • 0
    • 60
    • 20
13. Question 13
    • Ca2Cl
    • CaCl3
    • CaCl
    • CaCl2
14. Question 14
    • 1+
    • 1-
    • 2+
    • 2-
15. Question 15
    • Sodium and chlorine
    • Oxygen and oxygen
    • Nitrogen and hydrogen
    • Carbon and oxygen
16. Question 16
    • 30
    • 65
    • 35
    • 95
17. Question 17
    • Nitrogen pentoxide
    • Dinitrogen oxide
    • Nitrogen oxide
    • Dinitrogen pentoxide
18. Question 18
    • Law of conservation of energy
    • Law of conservation of matter
    • Law of multiple proportions
    • Law of definite proportions
19. Question 19
    • Law of definite proportions
    • Dalton's law of partial pressures
    • Law of conservation of mass
    • Law of multiple proportions
20. Question 20
    • Atoms are neither created nor destroyed in a chemical change.
    • Atoms of different elements have different properties.
    • All atoms of a given element are identical.
    • Compounds are formed by atoms in whole-number ratios.
21. Question 21
    • 18.02 g/mol
    • 16.00 g/mol
    • 17.01 g/mol
    • 20.02 g/mol
22. Question 22
    • 2.00 mol
    • 0.500 mol
    • 0.200 mol
    • 5.00 mol
23. Question 23
    • 4.00 M
    • 0.250 M
    • 0.500 M
    • 1.00 M
24. Question 24
    • 3.0 × 10^23 atoms
    • 6.022 × 10^23 atoms
    • 1.2 × 10^24 atoms
    • 1.2 × 10^23 atoms
25. Question 25
    • 1.00 L
    • 0.125 L
    • 0.500 L
    • 2.00 L
26. Question 26
    • 3 moles
    • 4 moles
    • 7 moles
    • 12 moles
27. Question 27
    • 342.22 amu
    • 278.18 amu
    • 310.18 amu
    • 230.12 amu
28. Question 28
    • 2.34 g
    • 0.584 g
    • 5.84 g
    • 14.6 g
29. Question 29
    • 3.00 mol
    • 2.25 mol
    • 0.750 mol
    • 1.13 mol
30. Question 30
    • 5
    • 4
    • 6
    • 3

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